PHARMACEUTICS-II (PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS)

SECOND PROFESSIONAL

PHARMACEUTICS-II (PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS)

1.   Introduction: Dosage form. Ingredients.

2.   Pharmaceutical Calculations:

a.   Some Fundamentals of Measurements and Calculations.

b.   The Metric System.

c.   The Common Systems.

d.   Conversions.

e.   Calculation of Doses.

f.     Reducing and Enlarging Formulas.

g.   Density

h.   Specific Gravity & Specific Volume.

i.     Weights and Volumes of Liquids.

j.     Percentage Preparations.

k.    Isotonic Solutions.

l.     HLB Values.

m. Industrial Calculations.

n.   Some calculations involving Hydrogen-ion concentration.

3.   Galenical Preparations:

a.   Infusions.

b.   Decoctions.

c.   Extracts.

d.   Fluid extracts.

e.   Tinctures.

f.     Aromatic Waters.

4.   Extraction Processes:

a.   Maceration: Purpose and process.

b.   Percolation: Purpose and Process.

c.   Liquid-Liquid extraction.

d.   Large scale extraction.

5.   Solvents used in Pharmaceutical Preparations.

6.   Oral Solutions, Syrups, Elixirs and Spirits:

a.   Solutions and their preparation,

b.   Dry mixtures for solution,

c.   Oral rehydrate solutions,

d.   Oral colonic leverage solution.

e.   Syrup: components and preparation of Syrups.

f.     Elixirs: Preparation of elixirs,

g.   Medicated and non-medicated elixirs.

7.   Oral Suspensions

Emulsions,

Magma and

Gels Preparations, Examples, and Importance.

8.   TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS:

a.   Introduction of Ointments Creams,

b.   Pastes,

c.   Poultice,

d.   Plasters,

e.   Lotions,

f.     Liniments,

g.   Topical gels,

h.   Topical Tinctures,

i.     Collodions,

j.     Topical solutions,

k.    Topical Powders,

l.     Percutaneous absorption,

m. Transdermal systems in use.

9.   OPHTHALMIC, NASAL AND OTIC PREPARATIONS:

a.   Ophthalmic solutions,

b.   Ophthalmic suspensions,

c.   Ophthalmic ointment,

d.   Ophthalmic inserts,

e.   Contact lens solutions.

f.     Nasal decongestant solutions,

g.   Decongestant inhalers.

h.   Ear preparations: Anti-infective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic.

10.               SUPPOSITORIES AND VAGINAL SUPPOSITORIES:

a.   Semi-solid Preparations,

b.   Suppositories bases, preparation, packaging and storage,

c.   Solutions/Enemas.

11.               AEROSOLS, INHALATIONS AND SPRAYS:

Aerosol: Principle, container and valve assembly

Propellants, filling, testing, packaging, labeling and storage.

12.               POWDERS, CAPSULES, TABLET DOSAGE FORMS:

a.   Preparation of Powders,

b.   Mixing of powders,

c.   Uses and packaging of powders,

d.   Granules,

e.   Effervescent,

f.     Granulated salts.

g.   Hard gelatin capsules,

h.   Capsule sizes,

i.     Preparation of filled hard gelatin capsules,

j.     Soft gelatin capsules, preparation and its application.

k.    Tablets, their types, characteristics and methods of preparation.

13.               INTRODUCTION TO PARENTERALS:

a.   Official types of injections,

b.   Solvents and vehicles for injections,

c.   Added substances.

14.               A brief introduction to oral hygiene products.