Focal
segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
Overview
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a
disease in which scar tissue develops on the glomeruli, the small parts of the
kidneys that filter waste from the blood. FSGS can be caused by a
variety of conditions.
FSGS is a serious condition that can lead
to kidney failure, which can only be treated with dialysis or kidney
transplant. Treatment options for FSGS depend on the type you have.
Types of FSGS include:
·
Primary FSGS. Many people diagnosed
with FSGS have no known cause for their condition. This is called
primary (idiopathic) FSGS.
·
Secondary FSGS. Several factors, such as infection, drug
toxicity, diseases including diabetes or sickle cell disease, obesity, and even
other kidney diseases can cause secondary FSGS. Controlling or treating
the underlying cause often slows ongoing kidney damage and might lead to
improved kidney function over time.
·
Genetic FSGS. This is a rare form
of FSGS caused by genetic changes. It is also called
familial FSGS. It's suspected when several members of a family show signs
of FSGS. Familial FSGS can also occur when neither parent has
the disease but each one carries a copy of an altered gene that can be passed
on to the next generation.
·
Unknown FSGS. In some cases, the underlying cause
of FSGS cannot be determined despite the evaluation of clinical
symptoms and extensive testing.
Causes
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis can be
caused by a variety of conditions, such as diabetes, sickle cell disease, other
kidney diseases and obesity. It can also be caused by an infection and drug
toxicity. A rare form of FSGS is caused by inherited abnormal genes.
Sometimes there's no identifiable cause
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